This paper is concerned with Smith's thoughts about american colonies. The first part studies remarks in the Lectures on Jurisprudence and the Early Draft about indians and slavery. Since 1767, the colonial conflict is the very core of debates. The paper compares Smith's ideas with those of contemporaries (Pownall, Franklin, Ticker and Burke) on the « gravitation » theory which implies that the center of the empire must move from London and cross the atlantic ocean (2d part). In the third part, the paper studies colonial matters in the Wealth of Nations and in the 1778 memorandum.Cet article a pour objet d'examiner les positions de Smith à l'égard des colonies américaines. Dans une première partie, on étudie ses remarques, dans les Leçons ...