La Rochelle only appears in the texts at the end of the Xth century as a place of sait-pans and fishing. The fall of Châtelaillon in 1132 made it the centre of the Aunis. There was then a considerable growth in the population. The Gluniacs, who established themselves in the Ile d'Aix during the XIth century, successively founded three parishes, while a fourth belonged to the abbey of Déols. Already before 1139 the Templers had settled in la Rochelle. A rampart protected the new town during the third quarter of the century. During the seigniorial revolt of 1173/74 the Rochelais remained faithful to Henry II, who in 1175 granted them the first communal charter of the region. Hospitaliers and Fontevrists established themselves in the town at t...