Regional identity and national identity : the political emancipation of Tatarstan, from June 1988 to the 21st March, 1992. When an autonomous republic of Russia, and one, moreover, which constitutes its geographical heartland, proclaims is indépendance and its desire for economic emancipation, does this mean that a region has suddenly become a nation-state ? The majority of Tatars live outside of Tatarstan, and within the Republic, the area of their ethnicity, they represent only 48 % of the population. The ethno-linguistic link which unites the Tatars of Rusia and Central Asia, revived by certain nationalist movements which advocate extra-territorial autonomy, slackened during the Soviet period. It seems, henceforth, that territory has be...