Small perforated shorted patch antenna

We present a patch antenna that is small in area as a result of combining two size-reduction procedures: using a single shorting pin and perforating the patch conductor. The new printed antenna is 30% smaller in area than a conventional shorted (single-post) patch and 93% smaller than a traditional probe-fed patch antenna, all designed on the same material. The measured 10-dB return loss of the shorted perforated patch is 8.1% and the gain varies from 0.5 to 1 dBi across this bandwidth. The overall size of the antenna (including ground plane) is 0.130 × 0.120 × 0.070