The Roussy peat-bog is located in the western part of the Massif du Cantal a part of the Massif central that had never been explored before. The pollen analysis reveals a dynamic of the vegetation starting from the Allerod and globally in harmony with the palaeobotanical context reconstructed by previous research (Beaulieu et al , 1988). However several particularities can be observed : a regional presence of the elm since the Preboreal, a progressive expansion of the hazel until its maximum in the Boreal, a very weak development of the fir This multi-disciplinary study (archaeology and history) allowed the modelling of the evolution of agro-pastoral activities in this area. A first human impact can be reported for the end of the Bronze Age...