Muslims, as do Jews, believe that laws are established by God. This conception conflicts with the juridical reality of those Arab and Muslim countries whose legal System is largely inspired by Western law. Three trends clash, sometimes violently, inside these countries : the fundamentalist trend (return to classical Islamic law) ; the positivist trend (maintenance of the statu quo) ; and the secularist trend (abolition of the Islamic norms violating human rights and disacralisation of the law). This conflicts between the religions and secularised conception of law extends to Muslims resident in the Western countries, in the ethico-religious field (prayer, alimentary norms, fasting Ramadan, contact between men and women, vestmental norms, ce...