The calibration methods through econometrics This paper constitutes a critical inspection of calibration methods of dynamic general equilibrium models. After a presentation of the main principles of calibration and its practise, we study the potential of such methods, in respect to the statistical methods actually avalaible. We propose a reconciliation of the theoretical and statistical approaches in macroeconomics. These methods allow to fully combine the specialization of the time series approach and the theoretical modelling.Les méthodes d'étalonnage au regard de l'économétrie Cet article se livre à un examen critique des méthodes d'étalonnage des modèles macroéconomiques d'équilibre général. Après avoir exposé les principes généraux...