TRPV4 mediated stretch-induced cytokine release in macrophages M1 and M2.

<p>Representative experiment of Macrophages seeded on silicoelastic membranes and exposed to cyclic equibiaxial stretch (cyclic 30% strain with 1.25 Hz) for up to 48 h in the presence or absence of the TRPV4-Antagonist GSK2193874 [1<b>μ</b>M]. (A-E) Stretch induced cytokine release in M1 macrophages compared to unstretched control (ctrl) that could be blocked with the TRPV4 antagonist (ant). Stretch induced release of MCP-1 and TNF-α in M2 macrophages that could be blocked by TRPV4 inhibition (F,G). Data are mean ± SEM; (n = 3; *p ˂ 0.05; **p ˂ 0.01; ***p ˂ 0.001; ****p ˂ 0.0001 vs stretch control; one-way ANOVA Tukey's multiple comparisons test).