Cancer cell lines and mf significantly upregulates the cell surface expressions of PDL1, PDL2, CD206 and VCAM-1 on human monocytes.

<p>Human monocytes were cultured in media alone, or with CMFDA-labeled three different cancer cell lines (MDA, OVCAR, U87), or with live mf of <i>Brugia malayi</i> for 48hr. Cells were harvested and cell surface expression PDL1, PDL2, CD206, VCAM-1, and CD163 was measured using flow cytometry gated on CD45⁺/CMFDA^- monocytes. (A) One representative set (n = 15) of flow histograms demonstrating cell surface expression in unexposed human monocytes and after exposure to mf or different cancer cell lines. (B). The data are expressed as the geometric mean with 95% confidence interval of the mean fluorescent intensity of unexposed and exposed monocytes (<i>n</i> = 15). * <i>P<</i> 0.05, ** <i>P<</i>0.005.