Fluid nonlinear frequency shift of nonlinear ion acoustic waves in multi-ion species plasmas in the small wave number region

The properties of the nonlinear frequency shift (NFS), especially the fluid NFS from the harmonic generation of the ion-acoustic wave (IAW) in multi-ion species plasmas, have been researched by Vlasov simulation. Pictures of the nonlinear frequency shift from harmonic generation and particle trapping are shown to explain the mechanism of NFS qualitatively. The theoretical model of the fluid NFS from harmonic generation in multi-ion species plasmas is given, and the results of Vlasov simulation are consistent with the theoretical result of multi-ion species plasmas. When the wave number k lambda(De) is small, such as k lambda(De) = 0.1, the fluid NFS dominates in the total NFS and will reach as large as nearly 15% when the wave amplitude vertical bar e phi/T-e vertical bar similar to 0.1, which indicates that in the condition of small k lambda(De), the fluid NFS dominates in the saturation of stimulated Brillouin scattering, especially when the nonlinear IAW amplitude is large.National Natural Science Foundation of China [11575035, 11475030, 11435011]; National Basic Research Program of China [2013CB834101]SCI(E)EIPubMedARTICLEzheng_chunyang@iapcm.ac.cn20232059