Hydration, Fluid Intake and Related Urine Biomarkers among Male College Students in Cangzhou, China: A Cross-Sectional Study-Applications for Predicting Fluid Intake and Developing Adequate Water Intake

Objective To analyze the differences of urine biomarkers among different hydration group; to examine the associations between fluid intake and urine biomarkers; and to evaluate the optimal daily total fluid intake for maintaining optimal hydration and distinguishing hypohydration among male college students in Cangzhou, China. Methods A total of 68 male college students aged 18~25 years completed a 7-day crosssectional study. On the 1st day, the height, weight, waist circumference, body protein content and percent body fat mass of subjects were measured before breakfast. During the 7 days, all the subjects were asked to complete a self-administered 7-day 24-h ?uid intake record after training to use the fluid intake record correctly. This record was used to evaluate the daily total fluid intake from water and other beverages. To assess the daily fluid intake from foods, all foods eaten by thesubjects were weighed on 3 consecutive days during the 7-day period(including two weekdays and one weekend day). The 3-...Objective To analyze the differences of urine biomarkers among different hydration group; to examine the associations between fluid intake and urine biomarkers; and to evaluate the optimal daily total fluid intake for maintaining optimal hydration and distinguishing hypohydration among male college students in Cangzhou, China. Methods A total of 68 male college students aged 18~25 years completed a 7-day crosssectional study. On the 1st day, the height, weight, waist circumference, body protein content and中国营养学会、中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所、农业部食品与营养发展研究所、中科院上海生科院营养科学研究所