Serological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma: challenges and opportunities

血清学指标因无创和操作简易的特点一直是肝细胞癌诊断的研究热点.简要介绍了传统血清学指标AFP在HBV感染相关肝癌辅助诊断和预后预测中的应用.评述了甲胎蛋白异质体(AFP-L3)和异常凝血酶原/脱-γ-羧基凝血酶原(DCP)等新指标的临床应用价值.通过一系列的文献回顾对血清高尔基体蛋白73(GP73)作为肝癌实验室辅助诊断的可能性提出质疑,并依据笔者的实验结果,提出了血清GP73测定或可作为进展期肝纤维化和肝硬化的实验室诊断指标的建议.Serological markers have the features of noninvasiveness and simple operation and thus have become a research hotspot in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.This article briefly introduces the role of the conventional serological marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in assisting the diagnosis and predicting the prognosis of HBV-related liver cancer, as well as the clinical value of new markers such as alpha-fetoprotein-L3 and abnormal prothrombin/des-γ-carboxy prothrombin.Based on literature review, the possibility of serum Golgi protein 73 used for laboratory auxiliary diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma has been denied.The results of the author′s experiment suggest that serum GP73 measurement can be used as a laboratory diagnostic index for progressive liver fibrosis and liver cirrhosis.71262-12653