Prevalence and influencing factors on psychological violence from parents to child

目的 了解小学生家长对其子女精神暴力行为的发生情况,并探讨精神暴力行为的影响因素.方法 对中国东北地区某城市2所小学1 164名1～6年级小学生家长采用自填式不记名问卷调查,了解其在最近3个月内对子女施加精神暴力状况,利用logistic回归方法分析相关影响因素.结果 1 164名小学生家长中有78.1％报告在最近3个月内曾对子女施加过精神暴力.父母对男童施加精神暴力的比例明显高于对女童(81.3％vs.74.7％,P＜0.01).多变量logistic回归分析显示,男童(OR=1.684)、母亲(OR=1.640)、家长童年期有被父母精神暴力伤害经历(OR=2.064)、家长对体罚儿童持容忍或赞成态度(OR=2.618)、对儿童精神暴力伤害认识不足(OR=1.666)、家庭经济状况差(OR=1.745)是小学生父母对子女施加精神暴力的危险因素.结论 调查对象中父母对子女施加精神暴力的现象非常普遍.社会应重视家长对儿童的精神暴力问题,提高对其危害的认识.Objective To investigate the prevalence of psychological violence against children by parents and to explore possible influencing factors.Methods In two primary schools from a city,located in the northeast part of China,1 164 parents of the pupils from grade 1 to 6,were anonymously surveyed by a self-administered questionnaire,to analyze the situation of psychological violence and influencing factors.Results Of the 1 164 parents,78.1％ reported that they practised psychological violence towards their children.Compared with girls,boys were more psychologically maltreated by their parents (81.3％ vs.74.7％,P＜0.01).Data from the multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that following factors increased the risk of psychological violence against children:child being male (OR=1.684);initiated by the mother (OR=1.640),parents experiences of psychologically violent victimization (OR=2.064) during their childhood,supportive or tolerant attitudes towards corporal punishment (OR=2.618) from the parents,low awareness of the harmfulness of psychological violence against children (OR=1.666) of the parents,and lower social economic status (OR=1.745) of the family,etc.Conclusion Psychological violence experienced by the parents appeared very common.Prevention programs on psychological violence should be strengthened to increase the awareness of parents on this serious problem.欧洲基金会网络管理的儿童与暴力评价挑战项目; The Children and Violence Evaluation Challenge Fund and Hosted by the Network of European FoundationsPubMed中文核心期刊要目总览(PKU)中国科技核心期刊(ISTIC)中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)2174-1773