We report results from a systematic study of the spectral energy distribution (SED) and spectral evolution of XTE J1550-564 and H 1743-322 in outbursts. The jets of both sources have been directly imaged at both radio and X-ray frequencies, which makes it possible to constrain the spectrum of the radiating electrons in the jets. We modelled the observed SEDs of the jet 'blobs' with synchrotron emission alone and with synchrotron emission plus inverse Compton scattering. The results favour a pure synchrotron origin of the observed jet emission. Moreover, we found evidence that the shape of the electron spectral distribution is similar for all jet 'blobs' seen. Assuming that this is the case for the jet as a whole, we then...