Clinical analysis of micro-neurosurgical operation for hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in primary hospital

目的 探索基层医院应用微创手术彻底清除血肿治疗高血压脑出血的临床效果.方法 93例的脑出血患者超早期(发病6 h),采用微创手术彻底清除血肿进行前瞻性研究,根据病情采用:(1)微创手术组(A组)37例.(2)血肿破入脑室系统,采用脑内窥镜清除血肿行侧脑室引流+腰大池置管引流组(B组)10例,并与既往传统开颅手术组(C组)46例进行比较.术后24 h内复查颅脑CT,计算残余血肿量和术后评分、再出血发生率.术后3个月按GOS评分评估治疗效果、病死率.结果 血肿清除率:A组(82.7±8.1)％,B组(78.6±6.5)％,C组(50±10)％；术后再出血发生率:A组8.1％、B组10.0％,C组34.8％；术后观察和随访3个月,失访2例(2.2％),按GOS疗效判定治疗效果为:A、B组GOS Ⅳ级以上43例(93.8％),Ⅲ级3例(6.5％).无死亡病例.结论 采用超早期微创手术治疗高血压脑出血,可以及时减轻脑组织的损伤,有效减低脑出血患者的病死率和病残率,有效提高血肿清除率和减低术后再出血的发生率.Objective To investigate value of minimally invasive surgical approach in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage in primary hospital.Methods According to the operation procedure,93 cases with basal ganglia hemorrhage were divided into three groups:1.minimally invasive surgery group A (n =37 ),2.ventricular puncture and drainage,lumbar cistern drainage group B(n=10),3.usual operation group C( n =46).Estimated operation effect with computed tomography in 24 hours after operation.Case fatality rate and complication incidence were analyzed after three months of operation according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS).Results Minimally invasive surgery group A had the highest hematoma clearance rate (82.7 ± 8.1 ) ％,group B (78.6±6.5 ％ ),group C (50 ±10％ ).The incidence rate of rebleeding was 8.1％ in group A( n =3 ),10％ in group B ( n =1 ),34.8％ in group C (n =16).The grade Ⅳ of the GOS and the grade Ⅲ of the GOS was respectively 93.8％ and 6.5％,case fatality rate was zero.Conclusion The minimally invasive surgical operation not only lead to less tissue damage and decrease rebleeding,but also improve neurological functional recovery.中国科技核心期刊(ISTIC)081172-117