An Event-Related Potential Study on the Relationship Between Encoding and Stimulus Distinctiveness

通过事件相关电位(ERPs)探讨了在"学习-再认"模式条件下的记忆编码与特异性效应之间的关系.选择首要特异性特征为深、浅加工,次要特异性特征为高、低词频.研究结果表明,(1)行为数据支持了低频词的再认比高频词更精确;深加工的再认比浅加工更精确,并且深加工存在着显著的字频效应,浅加工没有显著的字频效应.(2)低频词比高频词有更大的ERP晚正成分(LPC);在低频词条件下,存在着显著的相继记忆效应,随后再认正确的ERPs比随后再认不正确的ERPs更正.因此,加工方式和词频间接地影响着记忆编码的形成.The relationship between memory encoding and stimulus distinctiveness detection was examined by means of event-related potentials (ERP) in a single-trial word list learning paradigm with recognition following distraction.To manipulate primary and secondary distinctiveness, encoding of deep vs. shallow processing was contrasted, and encoding of high vs. low frequency words was contrasted. The major results were: (1) According to behavioral results, low-frequency words had more accurate recognition than high-frequency ones; deep processing had more accurate recognition than shallow processing; and there was a significant main effect of word frequency in deep processing whereas no significant difference in shallow processing. (2) Amplitudes of late positive component (LPC) were larger for low- than for high-frequency words; for low-frequency words, ERPs were more positive for the subsequently recognized than for the unrecognized words. Therefore, encoding success was dependent on indirect processing and word frequency.国家自然科学基金; national Pandeng project中文核心期刊要目总览(PKU)中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)中国社会科学引文索引(CSSCI)04455-4633