Nursing of alcohol-related cue induced craving on alcohol abstinents

目的 分析戒断期酒精依赖患者在环境线索诱导下的心理渴求的特点,并探讨其护理对策.方法 将20例符合ICD-10中酒精依赖诊断的戒断期患者(实验组)和20名性别、年龄和受教育年限匹配的正常受试者(对照组),分别暴露于酒精相关环境线索中,用多导联生物反馈仪记录暴露前后的生理指标,用饮酒迫促性量表(AUQ)评估两组暴露前后的心理渴求程度,分析其心理渴求程度与生理指标的变化特点,并据结果探讨其相应的护理策略.结果 实验组在酒精相关环境线索诱导前后心理渴求程度增加,并且收缩压和舒张压均升高,心率加快,皮电升高,皮温降低,前后差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05);两组暴露前后比较实验组收缩压明显高于对照组,舒张压及心率增加,皮温明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05).结论 戒断期酒精依赖患者在酒精相关线索诱导下出现心理渴求的增加,并导致生理指标变化,应当根据心理渴求和生理指标的变化特点制定相应的护理策略.Objective To understand the characteristics of physiological craving to alcohol related cues of the alcohol abstinents and explore the corresponding nursing strategy. Methods 20 alcohol abstinents were confirmed with ICD-10 diagnosis of alcohol dependence (test group) and 20 normal subjects were selected to match the cases with gender, age and years of schooling (control group). All the subjects were exposed to alcohol-related environmental cues. The multi-channel biofeedback recordings were taken to record the physiological indicators before and after exposure. Alcohol Urge Questionnaire Scale (AUQ) was adopted to assess the extent of craving before and after exposure and analysis craving change characteristics of physical indicators. Results The test group in the alcohol-related environmental cues increased craving after induction (P <0. 01), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and skin power were also increased (P < 0.01), however, skin temperature was lower (P < 0. 05), compared with normal subjects. Conclusions Exposing to alcohol-related cues could increase abstinent alcohol dependents' craving and induce the change of physiological indicators. It was useful to construct corresponding nursing strategy according to characteristics of psychological craving and physiological indicators.中国科技核心期刊(ISTIC)0323885-38881