Metabolic Complications and Quality of Life in Prostate Cancer Patients After Receiving Endocrine Treatment

目的 比较前列腺癌患者接受不同方案内分泌治疗后,贫血、骨密度异常和肠易激综合征的发生情况.方法 52例患者接受双侧睾丸切除术,73例患者接受最大限度雄激素阻断治疗,持续至少12个月,于治疗前及治疗开始12个月后检测血清总睾酮、游离睾酮、前列腺特异性抗原、血红蛋白、红细胞计数、血细胞比容、平均红细胞体积、平均血红蛋白含量、平均血红蛋白浓度、红细胞分布宽度、腰椎及股骨颈骨密度,以及罗马Ⅲ标准下的肠易激综合征胃肠道症状评分.结果 去势患者术后12个月的血清总睾酮(P=0.0007)、游离睾酮(P=0.0003)、前列腺特异性抗原(P =0.0006)、血红蛋白(p =0.0001)、红细胞计数(P=0.020)、血细胞比容(P=0.016)、腰椎骨密度评分(P=0.008)及股骨颈骨密度(P=0.004)评分均较术前显著下降,胃肠道功能评分(P =0.029)显著升高.最大限度雄激素阻断患者治疗后12个月的血清总睾酮(P =0.0008)、游离睾酮(P=0.0006)、前列腺特异性抗原(P=0.0006)、血红蛋白(P=0.0003)、红细胞计数(P=0.0001)、血细胞比容(P=0.0002)、红细胞分布宽度(P=0.045)、腰椎骨密度评分(P=0.002)及殷骨颈骨密度评分(P=0.0002)均较治疗前显著下降,胃肠道功能评分(P=0.010)显著升高.治疗开始12个月后,最大限度雄激素阻断患者的血清总睾酮(P=0.004)、游离睾酮(P=0.012)、前列腺特异性抗原(P=0.007)、血红蛋白(P =0.016)、腰椎骨密度评分(P=0.033)及股骨颈骨密度评分(P=0.015)显著低于单纯去势患者,而胃肠道功能评分(P=0.027)显著高于单纯去势患者,差异具有统计学意义.治疗前后两组患者的贫血(P=0.006)、骨质疏松(P =0.009)和功能性胃肠病(P =0.022)的患病率差异均有统计学意义.两组患者的血清睾酮水平与血红蛋白、红细胞计数、血细胞比容及骨密度评分呈正线性相关(P=0.039),而与胃肠道功能评分呈负线性相关(P=0.021)；最大限度雄激素阻断患者的血清睾酮水平与红细胞分布宽度呈负线性相关(P =0.044).结论 前列腺癌内分泌治疗与贫血、骨质疏松和功能性胃肠病的发生密切相关,接受最大限度雄激素阻断治疗的患者,贫血、骨质疏松和功能性胃肠病的发生风险更高.To compare the incidences of anemia, osteoporosis, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) after the application of different endocrine therapies in patients with prostate cancer.Totally 125 patients aged 58 to 84 years with biopsy-confirmed local prostate cancer were recruited between September 2008 and September 2010. Of them 52 treated with orchiectomy (castration group) and 73 with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (goserelin acetate 3.6mg/month) combined with androgen antagonist (bicalutamide 50mg/d) for at least 12 months (hormone group), but without blood transfusion or erythropoietin. Changes in total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), prostate specific antigen (PSA), hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cell (RBC), hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red blood cell distribution width (RDW), bone mineral density (BMD) and gastrointestinal symptom rating scales (GSRS) were recorded and analyzed before treatment and 12 months after the initiation of treatment.In the castration group, after 12 months, TT (P=0.0007), FT (P=0.0003), PSA (P=0.0006), Hb (P=0.0001), RBC (P=0.020), Hct (P=0.016), Z-score of lumbar spine (P=0.008), and femoral neck (P=0.004) decreased significantly, and GSRS (P=0.029) increased significantly. In hormone group, after 12 months, TT (P=0.0008), FT (P=0.0006), PSA (P=0.0006), Hb (P=0.0003), RBC (P=0.0001), Hct (P=0.0002), Z-score of lumbar spine (P=0.002), femoral neck (P=0.0002), and RDW (P=0.045) decreased significantly, and GSRS (P=0.010) increased significantly. After 12 months, TT (P=0.004), FT (P=0.012), PSA (P=0.007), Hb (P=0.016), Z-score of lumbar spine (P=0.033), and femoral neck (P=0.015) in hormone group were significantly lower than in the castration group, while GSRS (P=0.027) in hormone group was significantly higher than in the castration group. The incidences of anemia (P=0.006), osteoporosis (P=0.009), and IBS (P=0.022) were significantly different between these two groups. The serum level of testosterone was positively correlated with Hb, RBC, Hct, and BMD in both groups (P=0.039). Negative linear correlations could be seen between serum level of testosterone and GSRS in both groups (P=0.021), and between serum level of testosterone and RDW in medical group only (P=0.044).The endocrine therapies, particularly maximal androgen blockage, in patients with prostate cancer can be associated with anemia, osteoporosis, and IBS.PubMed中文核心期刊要目总览(PKU)中国科技核心期刊(ISTIC)中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)0188-943