Literary Self-awareness and National Ethos ——The Role of the Ken’en Poetry School of the Edo Era in Japanese Literary History and National Spirit Formation

荻生徂徕是日本江户时代著名的古文辞学家,由他所奠基、其弟子服部南郭为代表的蘐园诗派使文学从经学中脱离,开始确立汉文学作为文学的独立地位,由此开辟了日本汉文学的自觉时代。蘐园派文学影响到其后的日本文学的展开,蘐园派及其流绪以其格调康健、情感丰富、表现典雅的诗风,影响了日本人的情志和人格铸造,直接间接地参与了日本民族精神、国民精神的建设。Ogy Sorai was a famous scholar of the Ancient Rhetoric（Kobunji）school in the Edo Era.He founded the Ken’en poetry school,within which his disciple Hattori Nankaku was a representative figure.The Ken’en poetry school led the separation of＂Kanbungaku＂（Chinese writing written by Japanese）from the study of Confucian classics,which then began to become an independent literary tradition,thus opening the time of literary self-awareness of the Japanese Kanbungaku.The literary tradition of the Ken’en poetry school deeply shaped the contour of pre-modern and modern Japanese literature.The poetic style and tone that the Ken’en school and their followers represented,which appeared generous and virile,hearty and elegant,I argue,had an impact upon the formation of the cultural identity of modern Japan,and directly or indirectly,played an important role in the construction of the Japanese national spirit.01115-12