Diagnosis and management strategies of small gastrointestinal stromal tumors

长期以来胃肠道间质瘤(GIST)的实际发病率常被低估.随着对这一疾病的认识和检查技术的进步,小GIST患者(直径＜5 cm)的检出率逐年升高.该类患者多无明显临床症状,常在体格检查被意外发现.对于这类患者的诊断需要联合内镜和CT检查.在明确诊断的基础上,对直径t≥2 cm的小GIST患者应积极行肿瘤的完整切除术,而目前腹腔镜手术逐渐成为治疗的标准术式.对于直径＜2 cm的微小GIST,特别是微小胃间质瘤,目前的指南推荐可以行密切随访,有学者提倡内镜切除肿瘤.笔者认为应当谨慎鉴别小GIST恶性潜能而后选择个体化治疗策略.The actual incidence of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is underestimated.With the progression of awareness and development of examination methods,the detection rate of small GIST (diameter ＜ 5 cm) is increasing year by year.These patients always had no obvious clinical symptoms,and were often detected with small GIST in physical examination unexpectedly.Combination of endoscopic ultrasound and radiographic examination is helpful in detecting small GIST.Aggressive surgical complete resection should be considered in case of a definitive diagnosis.Laparoscopic resection is becoming the standard surgical treatment currently.For micro GIST (diameter ＜2 cm),especially micro gastric stromal tumor,current guidelines recommend close observation.Some scholars advocate that endoscopic resection is feasible for the treatment of micro GIST,while we think that the efficacy of individualized treatment is better after identifying the potential malignancy of micro GIST.北京市自然科学基金中文核心期刊要目总览(PKU)中国科技核心期刊(ISTIC)中国科学引文数据库(CSCD)04245-2481