Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case report and review of the literature

目的 提高对异基因造血干细胞移植( allo-HSCT)后并发慢性炎症性脱髓鞘性多发神经病变( CIDP)的认识,探讨其临床特点、诊断及治疗.方法 报道1例慢性粒细胞白血病患者allo-HSCT 后发生CIDP的临床和实验室检查特征及治疗经过.结果 患者在移植后发生急性及慢性移植物抗宿主病(GVHD),在第+105天起出现慢性迁延反复的多发部位神经系统症状,以面瘫、四肢肌力减退、排尿困难为主,经多次腰椎穿刺脑脊液检查以及神经电生理检查,除外其他神经系统疾病后诊断为CIDP.经静脉丙种球蛋白、糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂治疗及功能锻炼,GVHD及CIDP有所改善,但终因长期免疫抑制继发感染而死亡.结论 allo-HSCT后CIDP是一种罕见的、诊治困难的神经系统并发症,为移植相关的多种因素所致,GVHD及免疫系统紊乱是主要原因,应及时诊断,合理治疗.Objective To study chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and the clinical manifestation,diagnosis and treatment.Methods The clinical manifestation,laboratory examination,treatment and outcome of a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia after allo-HSCT were studied.Results Acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease(GVHD) were occurred in the patient followed by chronic multiple nervous system symptoms from +105 day including facioplegia,decreased muscle strength and dysuria.According to clinical manifestation,results of cerebrospinal fluid exam and electroneurophysiology exam,CIDP was diagnosed.The clinical condition was improved after treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin,glucocorticoid, immunosuppressive agents and functional exercises,but the patient died of secondary infection finally.Conclusion CIDP after allo-HSCT is a rare complication of nervous system and difficult to diagnose and treat.Numerous transplant-related causes are probably associated with the development of CIDP.The main causes are GVHD and immune dysfunction.Early accurate diagnosis and rational treatment is of great importance.011669-6712