ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS OF THE ASTRAKHAN REGION IN THE CONDITIONS OF ANTHROPOGENIC IMPACT

The aim of the research was to determine the ecological status of soils in the zone of influence of oil and gas industry enterprises by the complex of microbiological and biochemical parameters. Soil samples selected in the territory of LUKOIL-NVNP oil depot No. 5 located within the city of Astrakhan were chosen as the object of research. Soil samples were taken near the source of pollution, 20 and 100 m from the source of pollution, as well as outside the pollution zone. As a result, biological and enzymatic activity of the studied soil samples was studied. Using the most informative indicators, we calculated the integral indicator of the biological state of the studied soils. At the same time, it is established that microbiological indicators are most applicable in comparison with biochemical ones to determine ecological and biological state of soils in the conditions of chemical pollution by oil products. The obtained results show that the ecological status of soils in tank farm No. 5, OOO «LUKOIL-NWNP» Astrakhan by the values of integral indicators, can be characterized as high-threa