Optimal fuzzy fractional PDμ plus I hybrid controller for power systems via WOA

Continuous power needs to be supplied against the fluctuations in system frequency. To resolve the issue of variations in power supply, generally PID controller is designed for load frequency controller (LFC), to deal with parameter uncertainties and disturbance elimination. The dynamic performance of the system is highly reliant on choice of the controller gains. In some cases, the classical PIDs have shown a deteriorate performance having large oscillations and in most cases, it causes instability. Attention is mainly paid to control the stable power generation according to load variations. In this paper, a new control scheme is designed, combining fuzzy fractional controller PD μ and integer integrator. Moving on, the constant gains for this hybrid controller are achieved through a novel nature-inspired meta-heuristic optimization algorithm, namely Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). The designed LFC using proposed combination is tested on four different single area power systems which consist of various combinations of reheated and non-reheated turbines alongside with and without droop. It is examined that this newly designed technique produces improved responses as compared to the classical controller and also with the presence of large parameter uncertaintie