It has been hypothesized that parents increase their fitness by biasing the sex ratio of extra-pair offspring (EPO) towards males. Here, we report a male bias among EPO in a wild population of blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus). This resulted from a decline in both the proportion of males and EPO over the laying order of eggs in the clutch. However, previous studies suggest that, unlike the decline in EPO with laying order, the relationship between offspring sex ratio and laying order is not consistent between years and populations in this species. Hence, we caution against treating the decline in proportion of males with laying order, and the resulting male bias among EPO, as support for the above hypothesis. Variable patterns of offspring se...
The differential allocation hypothesis predicts increased investment in offspring when females mate ...
SummaryThe explanation for extra-pair mating in female birds remains poorly understood and contentio...
Sex allocation theory predicts that parents should manipulate brood sex ratio in order to maximise t...
It has been hypothesized that parents increase their fitness by biasing the sex ratio of extra-pair ...
It has been hypothesized that parents increase their fitness by biasing the sex ratio of extra-pair ...
Extrapair paternity (EPP) has proved to be widespread and highly variable among birds and other taxa...
In a number of insects, fishes and birds the conventional sex roles are reversed: males are the main...
Behavioural ecologists have for decades investigated the adaptive value of extra-pair copulation (EP...
1. A major component of sex-allocation theory, the Trivers-Willard Model (TWM), posits that sons and...
Sex allocation theory proposes that parents should bias the sex ratio of their offspring if the repr...
<p><span>Selection may favour sex ratio adjustment when the fitness benefits of producin...
The explanation for extra-pair mating in female birds remains poorly understood and contentious. Sev...
The differential allocation hypothesis predicts increased investment in offspring when females mate ...
SummaryThe explanation for extra-pair mating in female birds remains poorly understood and contentio...
Sex allocation theory predicts that parents should manipulate brood sex ratio in order to maximise t...
It has been hypothesized that parents increase their fitness by biasing the sex ratio of extra-pair ...
It has been hypothesized that parents increase their fitness by biasing the sex ratio of extra-pair ...
Extrapair paternity (EPP) has proved to be widespread and highly variable among birds and other taxa...
In a number of insects, fishes and birds the conventional sex roles are reversed: males are the main...
Behavioural ecologists have for decades investigated the adaptive value of extra-pair copulation (EP...
1. A major component of sex-allocation theory, the Trivers-Willard Model (TWM), posits that sons and...
Sex allocation theory proposes that parents should bias the sex ratio of their offspring if the repr...
<p><span>Selection may favour sex ratio adjustment when the fitness benefits of producin...
The explanation for extra-pair mating in female birds remains poorly understood and contentious. Sev...
The differential allocation hypothesis predicts increased investment in offspring when females mate ...
SummaryThe explanation for extra-pair mating in female birds remains poorly understood and contentio...
Sex allocation theory predicts that parents should manipulate brood sex ratio in order to maximise t...