The author analyses the "eliminativist" claims according to which folk psychology must disappear within an evolved cognitive psychology. He shows that these claims can be evaluated only if it is determined to what extent folk psychology is a theory. He distinguishes several senses of such a "theory" and claims that folk psychology is a theory only in the loosest sense. The question of its elimination or of its conservation by cognitive psychology therefore cannot be answered and it is dubious whether psychology can in fact eliminate it.L'auteur examine les thèses « éliminativistes » selon lesquelles la psychologie ordinaire doit disparaître dans une conception évoluée de la psychologie cognitive. Il montre que ces thèses ne peuvent être é...