The author explains how transformation of society led to the collapse of the Soviet system. Transformation of Soviet society brought the need for political reform which consequently undermined the autonomy of social issues. This phenomenon produced the fall of communism, described as the gradual corruption of its basic features: bolchevization of public opinion, institutionalisation of the party as dominant body, bureaucracy and a plebeianisation of power. The regime had not counted on the perverse effects of its policy which were to transform it from within.Cet article explique comment le système soviétique a implosé du fait de la transformation de la société. C'est elle qui a déterminé une réforme politique ayant abouti à une failli...