Resistance of Splices in the LHC Main Superconducting Magnet Circuits at 1.9 K

The electrical interconnections between the LHC main magnets are made of soldered joints (splices) of two superconducting Rutherford cables, stabilized by a copper busbar. In 2009, a number of splices was found not properly stabilized and could have suffered a thermal runaway in case of quench at high current. The LHC was, therefore, operated at reduced energy and all joints were continuously monitored by a newly installed layer of the quench protection system. During the first long shutdown (LS1) in 2013/14, the high-current busbar joints were consolidated to allow us a safe operation of the LHC at its design energy, i.e., 14-TeV center-of-mass. The superconducting magnets and circuits consolidation project has coordinated the consolidation of the 10306 13-kA busbar splices. Since 2015, the LHC is successfully operated at an energy of 13-TeV center-of-mass. This paper will briefly describe the applied analysis method and will present the results and comparisons of the Rutherford-cable splice resistance measurements at 1.9 K before and after LS1, based on an unprecedented amount of information gathered during long-term operation of superconducting high-current joints. A few outliers that are still present after the splice consolidation will also be shortly discussed