The Role of the Main Pedagogical Institute in the Developing Pedagogical Skills of the Future Teacher

У статті розкрито вплив Головного педагогічного інституту на розвиток ідей педагогічної майстерності вчителя, схарактеризовано особливості науково-педагогічної діяльності професорів інституту; творчого внеску окремих викладачів у процес науково-теоретичного пошуку професіограми вчителя-майстра та впровадження педагогічної техніки в процес педагогічної підготовки майбутнього вчителя. У дослідженні використовувалися такі методи: пошуково-бібліографічний; хронологічний; просопографічний (описання біографій і професійної діяльності професорів); метод порівняльно-історичного аналізу; ретроспективний логіко-системний аналіз; історико-структурного узагальнення, прогностичний.So, the genesis of pedagogical skills development should be considered taking into account the real experience of higher education institutions activity; analysis of documents regulating the educational process, which reveals the rights and responsibilities of the teaching staff; the level of development of psychological and pedagogical science; concrete contribution of the best teachers to the development of ideas of pedagogical skills. Retrospective, logical-system analysis of the creative heritage professors allowed stating that scientific and pedagogical activity of the professors harmoniously combined a scientist, philosopher, artist, educator and a man with diversified knowledge. The unity of the methodological, educational, research and general culture of the teacher provided a successful general teacher training of the future teacher. It should be noted that besides the brilliant professional qualities, the professors had psychological knowledge and special professional skills that allowed them to be not only teachers but also teacher educators. The personality traits that were inherent in most of the professors can include pronounced tolerance, patience, the ability to sincerely rejoice at the success of the students, the desire to help them find their own path in science and life, and deep respect for the personality of the students. It is necessary to draw attention to the fact that the system of teaching (expanding the content of pedagogical education, the creation of new forms of learning, the formation of a system of methodological requirements) in the Main Pedagogical Institute allowed to create an effective system of training of both professional researchers and practicing teachers. A characteristic feature of the teaching skills of the professors of the Institute was the combination of functions of research activity with pedagogical skills. The important criteria of teaching professors of that historical period were considered to be the depth of scientific knowledge, the breadth of horizons and literary skills. The appeal to the research of the scientific and pedagogical activity of the professors of pre-revolutionary Russia makes it possible to find out the peculiarities of the development of the pedagogical skills of the teacher of higher education at a certain historical stage, to update the valuable scientific and pedagogical experience of modernization processes in the system of higher education