Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Minyak Jarak Menggunakan Metode Transesterifikasi Berkatalis Abu Terbang (Fly Ash) dengan Bantuan Ultrasonifikasi

The development of human needs makes renewal of all things. One of them in terms of fulfilment of fuel used for everyday life. Over time, fuel derived from petroleum will be increasingly thinning. Therefore a renewal is required of the manufacture of fuel derived from nature and eco-friendly. One of the plants that have been developed for fuel is the Jatropha Curcas L. Some research in a certain period of time has been done with various method such as esterification, transesterification, thermal cracking, micro-emulsifying, and alcoholisis. With the various existing methods, transesterification method is a fairly simple method and gives a pretty good result. The use of catalysts in a study can help speed up the occurence of a reaction. Fly ash is the result of the burning of coal that is quite widely used industry as a energy sources. This research aims to examine the effects of the calcination temperature (400, 450, 500, 550, 600, dan 650°C) on the performance of the catalyst on the preparation. Implementation of transesterification method with 60 minute reaction time, 6% weight of the catalyst, and temperature 60 degrees as a control variable. Then produces biodiesel with density 0,8799 – 0,8803 g/cm3 with Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) at a density range 0,85 – 0,90 g/cm3 and yielding 28,684% at a temperature variation of 400 degrees calcination. Then analyzed the fly ash catalyst using x-ray diffraction (XRD) method