Problems and Related Factors Associated with Clinical Nursing Practice in a 5-year Junior College

[[abstract]]本研究目的有三：(1)從護理臨床教師及學生的角度瞭解五專護生臨床實習的問題；(2)臨床實習問題與學生的實習場所、科別、階段及教師年資間之關系；(3)瞭解臨床教師處理臨床實習問題之方法及結果。本研究打回溯性調查法，收集革護專實習處民國77年6月至81年5月臨床教師及學生填寫之記錄表1545份，以內容分析法進行分析，共得臨床實習問題1675個問題單元。研究結果發現：(1)護理臨床教師認為臨床實習問題屬於學生方面的有653個問題單元，其中以「臨床情境無法運用學理」最多；學生認為臨床實習問題屬於教師方面的有507個問題單元，其中以「缺乏有效與客觀的評值」最多；師生共同認為屬於實習場所方面的問題單元有414個，其中以「設備無法配合教學」最多；學校方面的問題單元有101個，其中以「提供校外實習生之生活環境品質欠佳」最多。(2)教師認為學生實習問題的產生以實習的最初階段最多；學生認為教師臨床教學之問題以年資較少者最多；且實習場所的問題以在區域醫院、產兒科病房為最多。(3)臨床教師處理學生臨床實習問題的方法以提供資源及評值的方式為最多，且大部分的問題均有改善。 The purposes of the study were to investigate (1) the problems associated with clinical nursing practice; (2) the relationship between the problems and selected factors; (3) the strategies for solving the problems. The total number of problem units was 1675. They were divided into four categories; (1) the student, (2) the teacher, (3) the clinical site, (4) the school. The results showed: (1) of all the problems under the student category, ”difficulty in bridging theory and practice ”appeared most often; under the teacher category, ”lack of fair and objective evaluation”appeared most often; under the clinical site category, ”lack of supply for clinical teaching ”appeared most often; under the school category, ”poor living environment ” appeared most often. (2) The students had the most problems during their first stage of clinical practice; the junior teachers experienced the most clinical teaching problems; the stu. dents and the faculty had the most problems in maternity & child ward and local hospitals. (3) The teachers acted as resources and evaluators and usually solved students' problem