Effect Of high NPK fertilizer rate, optimum rate of chicken manure and fouar fertiuzers on growth and yield of Tr-9 paddy variety planted on bris soil

"This study was carried out at the net house of Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Sa bah, Sandakan from April 2015 to November 2015 to study the effect of high rate NPK fertilizer, optimum rate of chicken manure and foliar fertilizers towards growth and yield of TR-9 paddy variety planted on Beach Ridges Interspersed with Swales (BRIS) soil. Treatments were arranged as a factorial using complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Data collected was analyzed using two-way ANOVA at 5% significance level. In the result, there was no interaction effect between chicken manure and foliar fertilizers, however different rate of chicken manure showed significant effects on some parameter. Foliar fertilizers did not showed significant effects on any of the parameter, but there is a comparatively difference between different types of foliar fertilizer. Chicken manure had showed a significant effects on plant height and plant tiller numbers but not foliar. Treatment T4F3 (60 t hal of chicken manure with F3 foliar fertilizer) produced the highest plant height and number of tillers at 112.58 cm and 41.67 tiller respectively. Chicken manure also showed Significant effects on culm height where treatment T4 and F2 foliar fertilizer produced the highest culm height (T4 = 74.08 cm, F2 = 70.88 cm). Both chicken manure and foliar fertilizer did not affect percentage of productive tiller significantly, but treatment TJ (40 t ha-1 of chicken manure) and F3 foliar fertilizer could produce the highest percentage of productive tillers at 78.19 % and 77.48 % respectively. For yield components, chicken manure also showed significant effect on number of panicles and panicles length as treatment T4 and F3 produced the highest number of panicles (T4= 35.22, F3=28.88) while treatment TJ and F1 (control) produced the longest panicles length (T3=26.04 cm, F1= 25.18 cm). Besides, TJ and F1 also produced the highest number of grains per panicle (TJ = 155.98, F1 = 143.2). Both chicken manure and foliar fertilizer did not showed any significant effects on filled grains percentage but treatment TJ and F2 still able to produce the highest mean percentage of filled grains (T3=85.88%, F2= 85.37%). Chicken manure significantly affected the total amount of grains produced and extrapolated yield where treatment T4 and F3 foliar fertilizer produced the highest number of total grains (T4= 5051.17, F3=3964) while treatment T4 and F1 (control) produced the highest extrapolated yield (T4=11.47 tons ha-., F1= 9.26 tons ha-1). The result also showed Significant difference where treatment T2 (20 t ha-t of chicken manure) and F1 produced the most heavy thousand grains weight (T2 = 25.76 g, F1 = 25.18 g). Treatment T4 and TJ produced the highest dry weight (T4 = 177.74 g, F3 = 132.14 g) and it was Significantly affected by different rate of chicken manure. For BRIS soil properties, chicken manure only showed Significant effects on soil pH and soil cation exchangeable cation capacity. Treatment T4 and F2 produced the highest pH value (T4 = 5.81, F2 = 5.22) and the highest percentage of soil organic matter in the soil (T4=6.93%, F2=6.95%). For soil total nitrogen, treatment T4 and F1 produced highest percentage of soil total nitrogen (T4 = 0.2%, F1 = 0.19%) and highest cation exchange capacity (T4 = 18.39 cmole kg- 1, F1 = 16.35 cmole kg-t) whereas treatment T4 and F3 produced the highest soil available phosphorus (T4 = 5.866 ppm, F3 = 4.036 ppm). Thus, treatment T4 is recommended to farmers because it produced the highest tiller number, the highest culm height, the highest number of panicles, the highest number of grains and the highest extrapolated yield. While in BRIS soil properties, treatment T4 could improve the soil nutrient content by produced the highest percentage of soil total nitrogen and the highest soil available phosphorus. Besides, treatment T4 also produced the highest cation exchange capacity and increased the soil pH and soil organic matter content as well