Comparison of long-term care of patients at home between Slovenia and Switzerland with emphasis on nursing

Uvod: Populacija se stara, zato je posledično vedno večja tudi potreba po dolgotrajni oskrbi, ki ima v zdravstveni negi vedno večji pomen. Za kakovostno in strokovno zdravstveno nego pacientov na domu so zadolžene medicinske sestre v patronažnem varstvu. Namen: Pri diplomskem delu predstavlja glavno nit predstavitev različnih sistemov dolgotrajne oskrbe pacienta v domačem okolju v Sloveniji in Švici. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela, narejen je bil pregled strokovne in znanstvene literature. S pomočjo primerjalne raziskovalne strategije smo naredili primerjavo vloge medicinske sestre pri obravnavi pacientov v dolgotrajni oskrbi na domu v Sloveniji in v Švici. Vključena je bila izbrana literatura v slovenskem, angleškem in nemškem jeziku. V pregled literature je vključenih 10 enot literature. Rezultati: Iz primerjave sistemov dolgotrajne oskrbe pacienta na njegovem domu je bilo ugotovljeno, da Slovenija trenutno še ni država, ki bi imela dolgotrajno oskrbo opredeljeno kot integrirano, z vso potrebno pravno ureditvijo, ki bi povezovala tako deležnike kot izvajalce v enotno in samostojno organizacijo. Dolgotrajna oskrba se v veliki meri izvaja v okviru socialne oskrbe. Švica pa ima na področju dolgotrajne oskrbe pacienta svojo organizacijo in točno določen načrt dela ter natančno pravno ureditev celotnega sistema. Razprava in zaključek: V Sloveniji bo predvidoma potrebno še kar nekaj časa tudi po sprejemu pravnih podlag, da bo dolgotrajna oskrba pacienta dobila svoje mesto v družbi in zagotavljala celostni in integriran pristop k pacientu. Prav tako je potrebno izobraževati medicinske sestre v patronažnem varstvu za delo na področju dolgotrajne oskrbe pacienta na domu, če želimo, da bi bila ta kakovostna in pacient zadovoljen z integriranimi storitvami. Prav zato je potrebno dati velik poudarek na informiranju in zagotavljanju strokovne podpore starostnikom za čim bolj samostojno življenje v starosti. Pomembno je zagotavljati tudi storitve rehabilitacije ter podporne storitve svojcem oziroma laičnim negovalcem.Introduction: The importance of a long-term care at home is constantly growing within the sphere of a complex health care system, since the present generation of population is becoming older thus causing a constant increase of overall long-term care needed. The quality and professional nursing of patients in their homes is in charge of and is carried out by community health nursing. Purpose: The main objective of this diploma work is a presentation of various systems of long-term care of patients in the home environment in Slovenia and in Switzerland. Methods: A descriptive method has been applied, and a review of professional and scientific literature has been made. A comparison between the role of a community nurse in a long-term care process in Switzerland and in Slovenia has been performed. A selected scientific and professional literature in Slovene, English, and German language was applied. The literature review includes 10 terature units. Results: Through comparing both systems of a long-term care at home it has been established that Slovenia is currently not a country disposing with a complex long-term care system being supported by a corresponding strict and effective legal regulation needed that would simultaneously ensure a mutual, permanent and direct connection between the actors as well as the performers into a complex independent organizational system, ensuring a precisely determined working plan as well as a strict and effective legal regulation of the whole system. On the other hand, Switzerland maintains its own independent institution and a precisely defined working plan, as well as a strict and effective regulation of its entire health care system. Discussion and conclusion: In Slovenia, a long period of time shall be needed in its national long-term care sphere in order to obtain a proper and corresponding position of this health care segment within the global country social /society system. Furthermore, it is important to qualify the community nurses in the specific field of a long-term health care at patient\u27s home in order to ensure a quality long-term care and the patients being satisfied with the specific care needed. It is also is important to stress the information process extensively and to assure a professional support to olders for achieving a more independent life style in one\u27s old age. It is also important to provide rehabilitation and support services to relatives or lay carers