Tissue Culture in Rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica var. Lemont)

The purpose of this study was to obtain callus induction and subsequent plantlet regeneration from various explants of rice (Oryza sativa L. subsp. japonica var. Lemont). Callus induction occurred from the somatic cells of ovary wall, immature and mature embryos, immature endosperm, stem nodes, and seedlings. Plantlets were regenerated from embryo-, endosperm-, and stem node-derived calli on differentiation media. Stem nodes were the most responsive to callus induction. Requirements for optimal callus formation and plantlet regeneration differed from each culture. The study investigated the effects of cold treatment of explants, initial culture in darkness, media, and subculture for individual explant sources. Genotype, media, and cultural conditions of anther donor plant are analyzed and discussed as possible causes for the failure of callus induction in anther culture. An extensive literature review of rice tissue culture, its applications, and the history of plant tissue culture are also included