Dichotomous social systems (pair bonding vs. solitary living) among individuals of <i>Chaetodon lunulatus</i> and among species of <i>Chaetodon</i> at Lizard Island (current study) do not co-vary with other attributes (previously established), controlling for these variables while comparatively studying pair bonding.

<p>Phylogeny data sourced from [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0194465#pone.0194465.ref061" target="_blank">61</a>], where species clades (CH) and ancestral state nodes and probabilities (in parentheses) are shown. <i>Notes</i>: † = current study. *Parental care is unstudied in Lizard Island populations and is presumed absent based on unequivocal reporting of pelagic spawning within Chaetodontidae. ^Mating systems of these populations at Lizard Island are presumed based on reports at other locations [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0194465#pone.0194465.ref063" target="_blank">63</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0194465#pone.0194465.ref087" target="_blank">87</a>].