Dioxins and furans in air and deposition: a review of levels, behaviour and processes.
- Lohmann, Rainer
- Jones, Kevin C.
DOIAbstract
This paper is a comprehensive, critical review of the levels, behaviour and processes affecting polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans (PCDD/Fs) in air and deposition. Aspects of sampling, analysis and quality assurance/control are discussed initially, before a review of the PCDD/F concentrations in ambient air is presented. The general trend in ΣP4–8CDD/F (and ΣTEQ) is: remote sites<0.5 pg/m3 (ΣTEQ<10 fg/m3); rural sites0.5–4 pg/m3 (ΣTEQ20–50 fg/m3); and urban/industrial sites10–100 pg/m3 (ΣTEQ100–400 fg/m3). The commonly held view that a consistent mixture of PCDD/Fs in air exists is evaluated and questioned. Issues of seasonality and short-term changes in air concentrations are also critically discussed, with respect to the possib...
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