Greek papyri dating between 640 and 647 yield important evidence about the system of requisitions which the Muslim conquerors, led by ‘Amr b. al-‘Âṣ, imposed on the villages and provincial towns of Egypt. These documents give the names of Muslim commanders and the types of agricultural goods sought by the Arab detachments which settled in the vicinity of these places. It is evident that provincial officials, Christian clergy and village councils continued to perform their fiscal duties during and after military operations of 641. Most of these papyri, part of the Papyrus Erzherzog Rainer (Vienna), were edited by Adolf von Grohmann in the 1950s. They include the earliest bilingual Arabic-Greek papyrus. These documents are put into the wider ...