An integrated assessment of seawater intrusion in a small tropical island using geophysical, geochemical, and geostatistical techniques
- Kura, Nura Umar
- Ramli, Mohammad Firuz
- Ibrahim, Shaharin
- Sulaiman, Wan Nur Azmin
- Aris, Ahmad Zaharin
DOIAbstract
In this study, geophysics, geochemistry, and geostatistical techniques were integrated to assess seawater intrusion in Kapas Island due to its geological complexity and multiple contamination sources. Five resistivity profiles were measured using an electric resistivity technique. The results reveal very low resistivity <1 Ωm, suggesting either marine clay deposit or seawater intrusion or both along the majority of the resistivity images. As a result, geochemistry was further employed to verify the resistivity evidence. The Chadha and Stiff diagrams classify the island groundwater into Ca-HCO3, Ca-Na-HCO3, Na-HCO3, and Na-Cl water types, with Ca-HCO3 as the dominant. The Mg2+/Mg2++Ca2+, HCO3 −/anion, Cl−/HCO3 −, Na+/Cl−, and SO4 2−/Cl− rati...
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