Effects of calcium concentration in growth media on d30 hiPSC-CM force production on a substrate with modulus 9.8 kPa.

<p>Data shown as mean ± SEM. A. Total force versus calcium concentration (mean = 0.083 ± 0.013 μN, n = 15; 0.147 ± 0.02 μN, n = 14). B. Cell area versus calcium concentration (mean = 702.3 ± 63.2 μm², 1130.3 ± 86.2 μm²). C. Normalized force versus calcium concentration (mean = 13.0 ± 2.14 mN/mm2 x 10⁻⁵, 14.0 ± 2.0 mN/mm2 x 10⁻⁵). D. Rcan1.4 mRNA fold change (low Ca²⁺ group mean = 1.00 ± 0.29, n = 8; physiological Ca²⁺ mean, 1.74 ± 0.29, n = 7)(P = 0.02).