Histomorphological analysis of the calvarial defects at 16 weeks post-operation.

<p><b>(A)</b> Representative H&E staining images of calvarial bone sections from each group: Control, LPLI, ADSC, and ADSC+LPLI treatment. The calvarial bone sections were collected at post-operative week 16 and stained using H&E. Right panel, representative sections with higher magnification from each group. <i>Bar</i>, 500 μm. <b>(B)</b> Quantitative measurements obtained from the H&E-stained images. The new bone formation area in the calvarial defect site was measured, and the percentage of bone matrix within the callus was calculated. Data were expressed as the means ± SE (n = 6), ***<i>P</i><0.001.