KARL MARX AND MARXIST POLITICAL ECONOMY

The paper considers a scientific program and paradigm of K. Marx’s economic theory; the basic difference between his scientific program and those presented by the leading economists of the first half of the XIX century; and diverse attitudes of the soviet scientific school of economics towards the concept of scientific revolutions. We show that the paradigm of Marxist economic theory significantly differs from the ‘hard core’ of classical economics and Marxism has its own and original paradigm which includes certain elements of classical economics and historical school and the part of hypotheses of both moves from the ‘hard core’ to ‘auxiliary hypotheses’ and vice versa at that. We also analyze how the 'research program' and certain basic elements of Marx’s economic theory impacts on the concepts of scientists who worked within the framework of alternative schools. We can conclude that Marxism greatly influenced the choice of the subject and statement of problems made by researchers of neoclassical economics, Austrian school, and institutionalism