MORAL-ETHICAL COMPONENT PROFESSIONALISM OF THE FUTURE PHYSICIAN

Purpose. The objective of this research is to determine on what ethical principles should the modern medical education in Russia be based. Methodology. The study has been conducted by means of general scientific methods – descriptive, comparative and generalizing – and sociological approach. Results. The retrospective analysis of the most common models of medical ethics reveals their social conditioning. Specific historical factors, which ensure the priority of one or the other moral and ethical principles, are considered. The study states the similarity of socio-cultural conditions of the modern Russian society and historical circumstances of the Ancient Greek (IVB.C.)and Western Europe (XV–XVI A.D.) societies. First of all, this similarity includes the restoration of social trust in doctors and enhancement of individual ethical and psychological approach to patients’ treatment. Based on this conclusion, the necessity of enlarging the humanities subject field is claimed. Additionally, the sociological survey of students registered the comprehension of humanitarian essence of medical activity on the one hand, and overly pragmatic ideology of future doctors. These results support the conclusion about actualization of two moral and ethical principles in the educational process: principle of beneficence and principle of non-maleficence that represent the two historically first models of medical ethics. It is emphasized that accentuation of moral and ethical, and emotional and psychological contents of medical education could revive the authority of doctor’s profession in modern conditions. Practical implications. Results of this study could be used in the area of design and development of educational and teaching process in medical educational institutions