Perspektif Mahasiswa mengenai Problem-Based Learning (PBL)

Pendidikan keperawatan dituntut untuk menghasilkan sumber daya manusia perawat yang kompeten, baik secara akademik maupun dalam tataran praktik. Berbagai penelitian merekomendasikan pendekatan student centered learning dengan metode Problem-Based Learning (PBL) sebagai metode yang efektif memfasilitasi pencapaian kompetensi perawat. Metode ini akan memberikan pengalaman bagi mahasiswa untuk menghadapi real-world problem solving. Meski demikian, bagi mahasiswa program sarjana (undergraduate), pembelajaran PBL merupakan pengalaman baru. Selain itu, literatur juga menunjukkan mahasiswa yang justru frustasi saat menjalankan metode ini. Dengan demikian mengidentifikasi persepsi mahasiswa terhadap metode pembelajaran ini merupakan hal penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi perspektif mahasiswa tingkat akhir mengenai pembelajaran dengan menggunakan metode PBL. Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif ini menggunakan total sampling dengan melibatkan 159 mahasiswa tingkat akhir di salah satu institusi pendidikan tinggi keperawatan di Bandung. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan Course Experience Quesionnaire yang dikembangkan oleh David Caroll (2013). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian secara umum menunjukkan 46,94% responden mempunyai perspektif netral; 42,86% responden mempunyai perspektif positif; dan 6,20% responden memiliki perspektif negatif. Dilihat berdasarkan dimensinya, 50% mahasiswa memiliki persepsi netral terhadap kualitas pembelajaran (good teaching scale); 83,3% persepsi positif dalam keterampilan umum (good skills scale); 100% persepsi netral dalam kepuasan mahasiswa (overal satisfaction); 80% persepsi netral terhadap kejelasan tujuan dan standar pembelajaran (clear goals and standars); 75% persepsi netral terhadap tingkat penugasan (appropriate workload scale); dan 33,3% persepsi positif terhadap evaluasi pembelajaran (appropriate assessment scale). Hal ini menunjukan mahasiswa tidak secara tegas menilai pelaksanaan PBL baik atau tidak baik. Hal tersebut dikarenakan di satu sisi mereka merasakan ada hal yang positif dari pelaksanaan PBL tetapi disisi lain ada hal yang negatif yang mereka alami. Kata kunci: Evaluasi, mahasiswa, metode, persepsi, problem-based learning. Abstract Nursing education was demanded to form human resources that fulfill qualification such as academic potential and practice that are good in order to form a professional and competent nurse. Various studies recommend student centered learning approach with problem-based learning method as an effective method for the achievement of nurse competence, because it provides experience for students to face real-world problem solving. However, for undergraduate students, PBL learning is a new experience that is different from that obtained during high school, in addition some studies also show students who are frustrated in class, so the evaluation of how students’ perceptions of this learning method is important. The research aimed to identify final grade student’s perspective on learning using problem-based learning method. The research method was using descriptive qualitative, and instruments used Course Experience Quesionnaire developed by David Caroll (2013). The sample in this research is the final grade students at nursing higher education institution in Bandung with total 159 people and taken data by using total sampling technique. Data analyzed by frequency distribution. Results of research showed 46.96% of a neutral perspective respondent, 42.86% of a positive perspective respondent, and 6.20% of negative perspective respondent. Judging by its dimensions, 50% of students have neutral perceptions of the quality of learning (good teaching scale); 83.3% positive perceptions in general skills (good skills scale); 100% neutral perception in student satisfaction (overal satisfaction); 80% neutral perceptions of clarity of objectives and learning standards (clear goals and standars); 75% neutral perception of the workload (appropriate workload scale); and 33.3% positive perceptions of the learning assessment (appropriate assessment scale). The result shows that students do not explicitly assess the implementation of PBL as good or bad, due to they experienced positive and negative thing from the implementation of PBL. Keywords: Evaluation, method, problem based learning, student