PREVALENCIA DEL EDEMA MACULAR CISTOIDEO EN PACIENTES ADULTOS INTERVENIDOS DE CATARATA POR LA TÉCNICA DE FACOEMULSIFICACIÓN | CYSTOID MACULAR EDEMA PREVALENCE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CATARACT SURGERY BY PHACOEMULSIFICATION

The objective of the present study was to establish the prevalence of cystoid macular edema (CME), in patients operated by the technique of phacoemulsification with implantation of intraocular lens. Patients were attended in the Ophthalmology Service at the University Hospital of Caracas for a consecutive period of 3 months in the year 2014. The variables studied were: corrected visual acuity and measurement of the foveal thickness by optical coherence tomography (OCT), 4 weeks after surgery. The sample was composed of 50 patients operated of cataract by the evaluated technique, and divided according to their corrected visual acuity into four groups: Group I: between 20/20 and 20/40, group II: 20/50 to 20/70, group III: between 80/20 and 20/200 and the Group IV: 20/400 or less. Ninety per cent of the eyes studied were ranked in Group I. Average foveal thickness was 172 ± 13 µm. There were two (4%) patients complicated with rupture of the posterior capsule, one of which showed decrease of corrected visual acuity 20/40 (2%), as well as implantation of the intraocular lens in the ciliary sulcus (2%) and 198 µm foveal thickness; the other patient, with posterior capsule rupture, did not have impact on the visual acuity. On the other hand, the second patient complicated by implantation of the intraocular lens in the ciliary sulcus (2%) did not have impact on visual acuity. The prevalence of CME was 2%. The complications identified in the patient that developed pseudofaquic CME were: posterior capsular rupture during surgery of cataract, and implant of the intraocular lens in the ciliary sulcus. OCT demonstrated to be a non-invasive diagnostic technique, accurate and reliable in the diagnosis of pseudofaquic CME