Association of sociodemographic and clinical factors with self-image, self-esteem and locus of health control in patients with an intestinal stoma

Objective: To evaluate the sociodemographic and clinical factors related to patients with an intestinal stoma and to correlate them with locus of health control, self-esteem and self-image. Method: 44 patients with an intestinal stoma participated in the study. The following instruments were used: Scale for Locus of Health Control, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale/UNIFESP-EPM and Body Investment Scale. Results: With regard to Locus Health Control variables, sociodemographic variables with alterations were: unemployed (28.13); retirees (27.79); age up to 50 years (28.44); and singles (27.89). Regarding Body Investment Scale, the sociodemographic variables with alterations were: age up to 50 years (21.79); single (19.15) or married (17.53); retired (18.79) or unemployed (19.83); and can read and write (20.13). Regarding Rosenberg-EPM Self-esteem Scale, all sociodemographic variables were altered. Conclusions: Ostomized patients presented alterations in the following variables: unemployed, retired, aged up to 50 years and unmarried. There were also alterations in individuals whose cause of the stoma was neoplasia, a temporary stoma, stoma time <4 years, and ostomized non-participants of an association or support group, and who also did not practice physical activities. We conclude from these findings that ostomized individuals who participated in the study and who were included in these variables showed negative feelings about their body and believed that only they could control their health and that the people involved in their care and rehabilitation did not could contribute to their improvement. Resumo: Objetivo: Avaliar os fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos relativos aos pacientes com estoma intestinal e correlacioná-los a locus de controle da saúde, autoestima e autoimagem. Método: 44 pacientes com estoma intestinal participaram do estudo. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: Escala para Locus de Controle da Saúde, Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg/UNIFESP–EPM e Escala de Investimento no Corpo. Resultados: Com relação às variáveis da Escala Locus de Controle da Saúde, as variáveis sociodemográficas com alteração foram: (28,13) desempregados; (27,79) aposentados; (28,44) idade até 50 anos; e (27,89) solteiros. Com relação à Escala de Investimento no Corpo, as variáveis sociodemográficas com alteração foram: (21,79) idade até 50 anos; (19,15) solteiros ou (17,53) casados; (18,79) aposentados ou (19,83) desempregados; e (20,13) sabem ler e escrever. Com relação à Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg-EPM, todas as variáveis sociodemográficas estavam alteradas. Conclusões: Os ostomizados apresentaram alterações nas variáveis desempregados, aposentados, idade até 50 anos e solteiros. Também apresentaram alterações indivíduos cuja causa do estoma era neoplasia, caráter temporário do estoma, tempo de estoma