Faktor – Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Ikterus Pada Neonatal

Abstrak: Salah satu masalah kesehatan yang sering dialami bayi adalah ikterus neonatorum yaitu suatu kondisi dimana kadar bilirubin > 10 mg %. Berdasarkan data rekam medik RSUD dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Provinsi Lampung jumlah neonatal yang mengalami ikterus sebesar 228 kasus (23,1%) dari 984 bayi yang bermasalah. Tujuan penelitian mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian ikterus pada neonatus. Jenis penelitian kuantitatif melalui rancangan penelitian analitik dengan pendekatan case control. Populasi penelitian seluruh neonatus lahir hidup 0-28 hari sebesar 3032 neonatus dengan rata-rata ikterus / bulan sebesar 33 neonatus, besar sampel dengan perbandingan 1: 1 sehingga didapapat 33 kasus dan 33 kontrol, teknik sampling accidental sampling. Analisa data menggunakan univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil uji chi square didapat ada hubungan inkompatibilitas ABO (p value = 0,001 < 0,05), OR = 7,188, ada hubungan obat-obatan (p value = 0,012 < 0,05), OR = 4,241, ada hubungan kecukupan ASI (p value = 0,006 < 0,05), OR = 5,041, ada hubungan kejadian infeksi (p value = 0,013 < 0,05), OR = 4,103 dengan kejadian ikterus. Hasil uji regresi logistik berganda didapat variabel inkompatibilitas ABO yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan kejadian ikterus pada neonatus (p value = 0,001), OR = 41,167. Diharapkan bagi PUS dalam merencanakan program kehamilan agar memeriksakan golongan darah, ibu hamil tidak mengkonsumsi obat-obatan tanpa resep dokter terutama golongan obat ifluenza, antibiotik dan malaria serta teratur melakukan suntik TT dengan teratur dan menjaga kebersihan vulva hygiene. Kata kunci: Inkompatibilitas ABO, obat-obatan kecukupan ASI, infeksi, ikterus THE FACTORS RELATED TO THE OCCURENCE OF ICTERUS IN THE NEONATAL Abstract: One of the problems of health problems that are often experienced by babies are neonatal icterus that is a condition in which bilirubin levels> 10 mg%. Based on the data from medical records of dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Hospital of Lampung Province, the number of neonatal icterus are 228 cases (23.1%) out of 984 infants with problems. The purpose of this research is to find out the factors associated with the occurence of neonatal icterus. This is a analitic quantitative research with case control approach as the analytical research design. The population are icterus cases/month which are 33 people and population control are 66 people. Samples are calculated with ratio of 1:1, therefore there are 33 cases and 33 controls by using accidental sampling as the sampling technique. The data are analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyzes.The result of chi-square test shows that there is an ABO incompatibility relationship with the occurence of neonatal icterus (p value = 0.001 <0.05), OR = 7.188, there is a relationship between the drugs and the occurence of icterus in neonates (p value = 0.012 <0.05), OR = 4.241, there is a relationship between the sufficient breastfeeding with the occurence of icterus in neonates (p value = 0.006 <0.05), OR = 5.041, there is a relationshipbetween infection in neonates with the occurence of icterus in neonates (p value = 0.013