Comparison of macular thickness by optical coherence tomography measurements after uneventful phacoemulsification using ketorolac tromethamine, nepafenac, vs a control group, preoperatively and postoperatively

Ricardo Alexandre Stock, Daiane Karen Galvan, Rafael Godoy, Elcio Luiz Bonamigo Universidade do Oeste de Santa Catarina, Joaçaba, Santa Catarina, Brazil Purpose: To analyze, using optical coherence tomography, the macular thickness values of patient groups using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) eye drops or artificial tears during uncomplicated cataract surgery.Methods: A total of 77 eyes from 42 patients were analyzed. The patients were divided into three groups, each using one of the following ophthalmic sterile suspensions: nepafenac (21 eyes), propylene glycol (24 eyes), or ketorolac tromethamine (32 eyes).Results: The mean macular thicknesses of the nepafenac group, preoperatively as well as at 1, 7, and 45 days postoperatively, were 216.42, 216.61, 222.47, and 218.28, respectively; those of the propylene glycol control group were 218.29, 214.50, 219.37, and 228.45, respectively; and those of the ketorolac tromethamine group were 217.46, 220.71, 225.25, and 228.46, respectively. There were no significant differences between groups at any time, with p-values of 0.971, 0.6742, 0.6711, and 0.327, respectively.Conclusion: During the study period, no significant differences in macular thickness were observed between the patient groups using two types of NSAIDs or between those groups and the control group that used propylene glycol, indicating that neither drug was superior to the other or the placebo. However, a slight macular thickening, without reduction of visual acuity, was observed in all groups. Keywords: macular edema, nepafenac, ketorolac tromethamine, OCT, cataract surgery, macular thickness, preventio