A case of congenital posterior mediastinal bronchogenic cyst

In children and infants, neurogenic tumours are most commonly occurring mediastinal space occupying lesions, followed by foregut cysts, germ cell tumors, lymphomas, lymphangiomas and angiomas, tumors of the thymus, and pericardial cysts. Bronchogenic and other types of foregut cyst comprise 10–18% of all mediastinal masses identified in infants and children, 20–32% of all mediastinal masses when all age group included. Approximately two thirds of mediastinal tumors and cysts are symptomatic in pediatric population. Foregut cysts of mediastinum are found most commonly in middle and posterior compartments but have been reported in anterior compartment. These cysts are usually found close to tracheobronchial tree or the oesophagus in infants and children. Most cysts are located in mediastinum near the tracheal carina. Here we describe a case of male neonate antenatally diagnosed with a mediastinal cyst but presented to us at 18 days of age with cough and intermittent dyspnoea. The X ray chest and CT confirmed a septate posterior mediastinal cyst on right side. The Baby was operated and nonseptate cyst arising from the base of lung was removed. The histopathology confirmed it as benign Bronchogenic cyst