The Impact of Customer Battery Storage on the Smart Grids and how Power Tariffs can increase Battery Storages’ penetration percentage.

The battery storage will play an important role in future smart distribution grids. At the same time, there should be availability of varying tariff structures, from which customers can choose according to their requirement. This research thesis focuses on the study of impact of battery storage in the distribution grid and how power tariffs can help increase the battery storage’s penetration percentage. The research is done to assess the impact of both home batteries and EVs on the distribution grid, and how much can they increase or decrease the demand in the region. Also a part of thesis is dedicated to create new power tariff structures for Stockholm region of Ellevio, and then electricity bills of the consumers are compared with existing tariffs and new suggested tariffs. For the thesis a residential area of Stockholm Royal Seaport/Norra Djurgårdenstaden is chosen. Ellevio is electricity distribution responsible for the area. Home batteries of Powervault U.K and Tesla Powerwall 2 are chosen and for EV, Tesla Model S with 60 KWh battery size is selected. One of the most interesting findings is that a group of 480 customers with home battery can bring the power demand during peak hours down by up to 11%, but on the other hand a 50% penetration of EV in the area can increase demand at certain hours by more than 250%. One of other finding was that if customers shift their charging pattern of EV by couple of hours they can increase the demand in the grid, emphasizing on the role of customers in future distribution systems. Suggested Power tariffs show an increase in monetary amount saved by customer if they opt for home batteries. The most amount saved by the customer is in case of the strictest power tariff suggested, i.e. Power tariff with critical time component and time of use component. This thesis will become a foundation for future study of impact of batteries on a larger region and impact of batteries owned by DSO in the grid. It also opens new path ways to study varying retail contracts for the customers and how combination of varying retail contract and power tariffs can result in better demand flexibility.QC 20180111