J Adolesc Health

PurposePre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an effective and safe intervention to prevent HIV transmission in men who have sex with men; current CDC guidelines indicate its use among high-risk adults. Adolescent sexual minority males (ASMM) also have significant HIV risk, but implementation strategies are likely to differ for this population. We aimed to estimate impact and efficiency of PrEP for ASMM in higher-prevalence US settings, using a variety of implementation strategies and assumptions about coverage, adherence, and background prevalence.MethodsWe develop a stochastic, dynamic, network-based model, parametrized using numerous ASMM behavioral and clinical data sources. We simulate 10 years with and without PrEP, comparing percent of incident infections averted (impact) and number of person-years on PrEP per infection averted (efficiency).ResultsOur main scenario (PrEP for 16\u201318 year-old ASMM, initiating PrEP six months after first anal intercourse, 40% coverage, adherence profiles from the ATN 113 trial; 2.9% background HIV prevalence among ASMM) prevents 27.8% of infections, with 38 person-years on PrEP per infection averted. Expanding implementation to cover younger ages or earlier initiation has small effects on impact and efficiency. Targeting highest-risk ASMM increases efficiency, but requires querying sexual histories. Across levels examined, coverage and adherence do not have major impacts on efficiency, while background prevalence does.ConclusionsPrEP can have a large impact on HIV incidence among ASMM in the United States, especially in settings with high prevalence. However, willingness of, and support for, providers will be central to achieving the coverage needed to make this a success.20172019-03-01T00:00:00ZP30 AI050409/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United StatesP2C HD042828/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United StatesR01 HD068395/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United StatesU38 PS004646/PS/NCHHSTP CDC HHS/United StatesP30 AI027757/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United StatesR21 MH112449/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United StatesR24 HD042828/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United StatesR21 HD075662/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States29248392PMC5818296599