Numerical study on combed teeth serrations for wind turbine noise reduction

This study investigates the flow topology and noise emission from a wind turbine airfoil with combed serration trailing edge geometry, to understand the noise reduction observed in earlier experiments. A comparison is made to a straight trailing edge and a serrated trailing edge without combs. The different trailing edges are retrofitted to a cambered airfoil at design angle of attack. The flow field is analyzed by evaluating the fully explicit, transient, compressible Lattice Boltzmann equation. The acoustic far field is obtained by means of the Ffowcs-Williams and Hawkings integral solution, Curle's integral solution, and a direct probe solution. The simulated mean pressure distribution matches earlier wind tunnel experiments (obtained from the Virginia Tech anechoic facility) well. Furthermore, the numerical results confirm that the combed serrations give a larger noise reduction than the standard serration. Both trailing edge geometries show similar acoustic trends as the experiments, giving confidence in the numerical result